We loaded up our little efects into a wagon and with one small pair of stears we started out with five children [ages twelve, nine, seven, four, and two] in our family and only one pair of shoes amongst them, Daniel wrote. Are Joseph and Emma Smiths descendants Latter-day Saints? [36] Brigham H. Roberts, A Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Century I (reprint, Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1965), 1:510511, and Smith, History of the Church, 3:26163. No one could have recognized them as the prosperous Yankees they had once been in New York before embracing Mormonism. During this time, their relationship improved and Joseph may have agreed to stop taking on additional wives. Jannalee worked as a writer and editor at LDS Living for seven years before hanging up her press badge and starting the journey of stay-at-home motherhood. Their difficult trip to Mississippi River took twelve days: We had snow and rain every day but 2. Emma died in Nauvoo on April 30, 1879, at age 75. Given that Brigham was blamed by Emma for being the inventor of plural marriage, he probably felt rather ill-used by her. Hope this helps! https://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/HTML/what_is_meter.htm. The lack of a legal will placed both the Church and Emma's family in uncertain financial conditions. in getting one single wagon to convey beds, clothing, and provisions for our family, and luggage. [34] Saints used existing roads as much as possible, although some took detours to avoid problems with local residents or to avoid being recognized. We all use history to suit our purposes, and Emma simply did not suit the purposes of the LDS Church in the years following her husbands death. Because if the LDS Church is false, none of those things matter! [94], In the dark the group reached Tenneys Grove and there added to their group the last company of the poor needing help to reach Quincy. During Sunday dinner on November 5, Joseph became ill, rushed to the door, and vomited so violently that he dislocated his jaw. [56], The Hammer family. Emmas life was a complex one. This tendency toward privacy continued even after Joseph Smith's death. They lived with his family and then with hers for a time. [2] Leland H. Gentry, A History of the Latter-day Saints in Northern Missouri, from 1836 to 1839 (PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1965), 27385; Stephen C. LeSueur, The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987), 15053. [Isaac] Streator, Feb. 22, 1839, in Eliza R. Snow Letter from Missouri, BYU Studies 13 (Summer 1973): 549. However, President Young advised the Saints to gather in order to help each other better. Question: Why did Emma Smith and Brigham Young dislike one another? Was also Governor of Utah Territory from February 3, 1851 to April 12, 1858. Sarah later became Emmas first counselor in the Nauvoo Relief Society. Emma, however, was the only sibling not to inherit a family name. . (Later, on April 6, 1830, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints would be officially organized there.) June 1831 FAIR is controlled and operated by the Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research (FAIR). He told her that the judgments of God would come upon her forthwith if she did not repent. When the family arrived opposite Quincy, they became ice bound for two weeks. While they waited, a Brother Brunson came from Quincy and asked campers to donate their outfits to go back and assist in removing the poor. Emma had been disappeared. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Joseph. [107] In todays currency, that equals $52,325,000 total, or $77,000 per petitioner. I, 29 December 1833 to 31 December 1840 (Midvale, UT: Signature Books, 1983), 322. Mother followed the cart carrying my little brother, Francis Marion in her arms. Barefooted Mosiah tried to follow in her tracks. A little girl, Amy, rode in the cart and felt bad that the others had to tramp through the snow.[45] At the Mississippi River they camped, and Oh! . Every thing my family took with them out of Missouri, could have been packed on the backs of two horses; the mob took all the rest.[52]. In Daviess County on Caldwell Countys north side, Saints had begun building about 150 log houses at Adam-ondi-Ahman, and as many as 1,500 Saints in total lived in Daviess County. Its almost as if youre holding the hymnbook in your own hands. Nearly three hundred made that covenant and signed pledges. Elder Young, when his life seemed in danger, left Far West for Illinois on February 14, but Elder Kimball stayed behind to help with the removals.[38]. She also learned how to cook and be a good host when her parents ran a boarding house. It turned out that such calls had gone out to bishops and stake presidents in several states. [41] Jesse and Whittaker, Albert Perry Rockwood Journal, 34. Fugitive John Butler, in Quincy, learned of their arrival, and he rowed across the river in a canoe, dodging ice. When the man saw the Saints plight, he told his tenants to go elsewhere, for the Mormons were coming and they had no place to go and he was going to let his apartments to them. He invited John to bring his family up to one of his houses where they could live for a while. After one severe storm, Daniel said, Our corn bread was frosen so hard I had to take the ax and break it and give it to the children to gnaw at, the bread looking like chunks of ice. As many as one hundred families were camped along the banks, he said. Mary Audentia Smith Anderson. She frequently found herself living in the homes of others and just as frequently took complete strangers into her own home. He told the Butlers to go to his butcher shop and take meat when they wanted some. [123] Butler denounced the hard-heartedness that Missourians had shown his wife and children and Church authorities. [71], Quincy is on the east bank of the Mississippi on a limestone bluff 125 feet above the river. . This most likely caused people to behave differently than they might have in gentler circumstances. Huntington estimated that in Daviess County the Saints lost nearly thirty thousand bushels of corn because of the militia takeover. A number of teams arrived from Illinois to help move the last families. [95] At that point, Brigham Young felt that the covenant to move the poor Saints had been fulfilled: We had entered into a covenant to see the poor Saints all moved out of Missouri to Illinois, that they might be delivered out of the hands of such vile persecutors, and we spared no pains to accomplish this object until the Lord gave us the desires of our heart. Far West had a population by then of about five thousand Saints, and another five thousand lived in at least nineteen other Latter-day Saint communities in Caldwell County. In fact, he generally took another man with him or even asked a father or brother to approach the woman. Great questions! When the two authors began piecing together Emmas life, there was only one small manila folder about her in the entire LDS Archives. [16] Baugh, A Call to Arms, 395; Reed Peck Manuscript, 29. He and his friends traveled on foot. [14] Autobiography of Anson Call, typescript, 13, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. In the same year, Smith founded the Church of Christlater known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintsin Fayette Township. And Brigham, his relationship with Emma strained at best, did not bother to separate the inflammatory rhetoric of Babbitt's letters from the less dramatic probabilities. Don Carlos [her son], with his family and the remainder of his baggage, was crowded into a buggy, and went in the same company with us. They encountered continuous rains and had to travel through mud. What did Lucy Mack Smith say about Emma Smith? Throughout the years, she has remained a complex topic for both Mormons and non-Mormons. Quincy was the closest Illinois city to Far West. [93] Kenney, Wilford Woodruffs Journal, 1:325. He could scarcely refrain from weeping.[105], Once safely in Illinois, the Saints still had some unfinished business related to their expulsion from Missouri. Emma died peacefully in the Nauvoo House on April 30, 1879 at the age of 74. . [114] John Lowe Butler became a trusted workhorse for Joseph Smith and Brigham Young, serving as one of Josephs official, ordained bodyguards and later as a bishop in Spanish Fork, Utah. Eventually, however, she encountered a trial that became more than she thought she could handle. [72] It is about 130 miles upriver from St. Louis and 45 miles directly south of where Nauvoo now is. Joseph.[103] Perrigrine Sessions said that Joseph being there gave us much joy to see his face among the Saints and here the voice of inspiration that flowed from his lips this caused our drooping spirits to revive as we were like sheap with out a shepherd that had been scatered in a cloudy and dark day.[104] After Joseph heard the congregation enthusiastically sing the hymn Zion, City of Our God, Wandle Mace observed that Joseph rose to speak but had difficulty controlling his emotions: To look upon the Saints who had been driven from their homes, and scattered as they were, among strangers, without homes, robbed of everything, and to see them under all these trying circumstances assemble to this General Conference from all the region around, and sing of Zion, the city of our God, with so much spirit, showing their love and confidence in the gospel, and the pleasure he felt in meeting with them. Smith's wives were believed to be between the ages of 20 and 40 at the time they were "sealed" or married to him. Joseph Smiths parents tried to leave early in February, but Lucy said, Just as we got our goods into the waggon, a man came to us and said, that Sidney Rigdons family were ready to start, and must have the waggon immediately. were destroyed or lost.[92], A year earlier, Joseph Smith had received a commandment for the Twelve to leave for missions over the great waters from the Far West temple site on April 26, 1839 (Doctrine and Covenants 118). Under these conditions, one could reasonably conclude that she did not travel west in order to avoid losing any more of her children. Imagine, then, her familys concern when she developed a fondness for Joseph Smith, who was from a poor farm family and had almost no formal educationjust that which his father had given him at home with a small amount of traditional schooling. [70], Saints chose to go to Quincy for several reasons. Economic impact on Illinois and Iowa. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Emma saw in him what her family missed. [42] Joseph Holbrook and two other men, to escape those that would like to do us harm, moved out the night of January 20. Although their marriage was often troubled following the introduction of polygamy, Emma continued to care for Joseph. It notes, Many of them crossed into Illinois at Quincy and were made welcome by the people here. In recent years, several related commemoration events have taken place in Quincy.[113]. [5] Meanwhile, a militia force headed to Adam-ondi-Ahman, made the Mormons there surrender, and on November 10 gave them ten days to relocate to Far West or elsewhere in Caldwell County. Years later, in the anti-Emma atmosphere of Utah, Brigham Young spoke of a meeting where Joseph accused his wife of slipping poison into his coffee. Deseret News Archives, Deseret News Archives. Why? Quincy, he said, was full of memberseven though Saints were scattering out from there almost constantly. John Lowe Butler, for one, wanted his written record to stand as a witness against Missourians who were cruel to his suffering family during the exodus and earlier. Required fields are marked *. Browse the pages of the original 1835 hymnbook. The Apostles group arrived at Far West soon after midnight on April 26. The Butler and Smoot families. Why didnt Emma Smith go west with the Saints? . Joseph Smith. And when people say she was wrong for remaining in Nauvoo, they are implying they know what she should have done," Richard Delewski said at the Sunstone Symposium on Aug. 13. The exodus had no large, organized wagon trains. He went to the room where the Committee of Removal was meeting and told them to wind up affairs and be off to save their lives. He was not, however, a member of her familys faith and in fact, had received a vision at age fourteen telling him not to join any existing church because none were completely right. [64] History of Zera Pulsipher As Written by Himself, typescript, 1516, Perry Special Collections. . Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The hymnbook she created included familiar favorites from other denominations and hymns newly written specifically for the Latter-day Saints. Here is a link to LDS.org that lists all the meters used in the hymnbook. However, I discovered there was a different attitude about Emma. Tied to her waist were heavy bags containing Josephs papers. " Delewski said. What a cold night that was! Mosiah recalled: The next morning the river was frozen over with icegreat blocks of frozen ice all over the river, and it was slick and clear. Dirty smoking school of prophets. Alpheus Cutler placed it in position. Constant delays meant that the Knights did not reach the Mississippi River until early May. a boy whom many Saints felt to be Smiths rightful prophetic heir, The biography Linda and Valeen published with Doubleday several years later. The episode seems to have been a family quarrel between Joseph and Emmatwo mortals living in something of a fishbowl, under enormous pressures and strains. Her first three died so quickly they were not even named. Nov. 10, 2014. Then he had to be very careful for days to avoid capture. [58], The Butlers and Smoots reached the Mississippi on March 10 or 11. [55] Martha and the children reached the Quincy side and waited, sitting at night on their bed, wrapped in bed clothes and shivering in the cold wind until Daniel arrived. [87], It is not known how many Saints temporarily took refuge in Quincy. She, in turn, was instructed by Joseph to officiate in these ordinances for the women, which she did until shortly before his martyrdom. You might notice something a bit surprisingtheres no musical notation! [59] Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom, 90. After deliberating on the best means to finish the job, we have thought that considering the bad state of the roads, the expense of ferrage in consequence of high water, that the teams are all nearly worn out, and the brethren here very poor and very much scattered that the best solution was to forward the remainder of the poor brethren by water. By contracting with a steam boat, the poor brethren might all be removed at once and the Far West committee would be free to get out of the state. A Collection of Sacred Hymns for the Church of the Latter Day Saints, https://www.lds.org/music/index/hymns/title-tune-meter?lang=eng&_r=1, https://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/HTML/what_is_meter.htm. . She admitted that she had been reluctant to give her children any formal religious lifejust personal reading of the Bible and Book of Mormonbecause she was afraid of a return to the many trials she had faced. Julia: Some say that there were other reasons. How others feel about her decision, Delewski said, depends upon their own knowledge and understanding. We had heavy loads, were obliged to walk from 2 to 8 miles a day thro mud and water, camped out on the wet ground 3 nights before we arrived at the River. This weekend at the Midwest Pilgrims retreat in Nauvoo, Illinois, I had the opportunity to listen to a fascinating talk by Linda King Newell, co-biographer of Emma Smith, first wife of LDS founding prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. Scores of Church members were living there, including Mary Jane York, William Hickman, John P. Greene, and Wandle Mace. [108] According to calculations found in Samuel H. Williamson, Six Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.S. Dollar Amount, 1790 to Present, MeasuringWorth, 2008, a dollar in the year 2007 is 29.99 times what a dollar is 1839 was worth based on consumer price indexes. One day while Martha was sitting in the front of the wagon with three-year-old Keziah Butler on her lap, one of the horses began to kick. . Emma Smith would make tremendous sacrifices for the gospel of Jesus Christ, for her husband, and for the church. [Deseret News Weekly 15:364, 10/10/66, p 4-5 and 15:372, 10/17/66, p 4-5; MS 28:764, 774]) off-site. Some of Emma's friends, as well as many members of the Smith family, alienated themselves from Young's followers. Joseph and Emma adopt the Murdock twins nine days after birth. 1856Emma takes in orphaned Elizabeth Agnes Kendall, eight years old, and rears her as her own daughter . She had to provide for the family after being deprived of the corn they had grown on their farm, which vigilantes had prevented them from harvesting. In fear of threats that the bodies would be stolen or desecrated, coffins filled with sandbags were used in the public funeral of the two martyrs. It does not store any personal data. Browse the pages of the original 1835 hymnbook. It does not store any personal data. When one was unable to find employment, she hired Jane Manning herself. Print. Social conversation and discretion were traits for which she was well-known. With discomfort on both sides, she soon found herself outside the mainstream of the church. God commanded and Joseph obeyed. He had been separated from the family for three months or more. [79] Smith, History of the Church, 3:270. [74] Greene, Expulsion of the Saints from Missouri, 40. They pulled out of Far West on February 18, leaving behind a house and farm. Illinois law at the time held that no church could hold more than ten acres of property, and so much of the church's properties were held in Joseph's name. She is known in Church history for being well educated and was able to act as a scribe for Joseph when he was translating the plates because of it. Provo, UT 84602 In time, most of the houses were torn down for firewood or hauled away. No portion of this site may be reproduced without the express written consent of The Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research, Inc. Any opinions expressed, implied, or included in or with the goods and services offered by FAIR are solely those of FAIR and not those of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 6 What did Lucy Mack Smith say about Emma Smith? Add an RSC shortcut to this device's Homescreen, In the menu, scroll past any icons and tap. They say father was a fallen prophet. John said that Quincy residents generally were kind to the Saints all over the place. The Butlers stayed in Quincy for three or four weeks. I being barefooted and the ice so rough, I staggered all over. He was a lieutenant colonel of the 32nd Regiment of the Illinois militia, and he helped control the violence being perpetuated against the Latter Day Saints. It would be 2 months before she could be confirmed as a member of the Church. Your email address will not be published. Joseph Smith presided. Their first twenty miles was through snow six inches deep. Caroline suffered from dropsy, or painful swellings, and the cold intensified her pain. Yet I knew little of these things, for our branch of the family was far removed from our Smith heritage. Another attraction was that unsettled lands were available in the vicinity. In honor of the 175th anniversary of the martyrdom of the Prophet Joseph Smith and his brother Hyrum, LDS Living is sharing a series of articles about early Church history and some of its key figures. Because of his position in the Illinois militia, he was often referred to as "Major" Bidamon. [84] Aroet Hale, Autobiography, typescript, 6, Perry Special Collections. And where shall they be sent? the newspaper asked. Emma raised her as her own daughter, and Elizabeth Agnes eventually married Emma's biological son, Alexander Hale Smith. [118] Dean R. Zimmerman, I Knew the Prophets: An Analysis of the Letters of Benjamin F. Johnson to George F. Gibbs Reporting Doctrinal Views of Joseph Smith and Brigham Young (Bountiful, UT: Horizon, 1976), 1011. Uncertain which policy to push, the conference voted against accepting the land offer (Journal History, February 1, 1839). Training experience for 1846 exodus. Church leaders told fugitive Charles C. Rich to flee north into the wilderness and take all that I Could find of the Brethren that was in the Crooked river Battle. So he and others left Far West at midnight on November 1. Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling. Refugees moved as individuals, by families, or in small clusters of wagons whenever they were ready. Joseph Knight Jr., for one, claimed $200 for a mill burned down, $50 for a house burned, $50 for 3 acres of land and 50 peach trees, $25 for hay and corn, $475 for losses of land and town properties, and $150 for expenses for moving twice. That did not stop Emma, a visionary woman in her own sense of the word. [20] Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. On March 21 Wilford Woodruff said the apostolic company passed through Huntsville and found the roads were full of Saints that were fleeing Missouri.[93] On April 24 they met three members of the Committee of Removal who had just been driven from Far West, who also joined them. Newel and all men in the city had to surrender their arms. The family filled the cart with corn. Her family was religious, devoutly Christian. What experience do you need to become a teacher? Baggage filled the wagon, so Martha and Caroline sometimes took turns riding next to Abraham, the driver, while the other walked with and carried children. [106] Fortunately, 678 petitions survive. This article examines the results of the Religious Landscape Study conducted in 2014 by the Pew organization, looking specifically at information related to the questions of who is leaving The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, why they leave, where they go, and what factors seem to contribute to their exodus. [3] LaMar C. Berrett and Max H. Parkin, Sacred Places: A Comprehensive Guide to Early LDS Historical Sites, vol. At Quincy, where some Church members lived, John taught school for a short period. We had the last company of the poor with us that could be removed.[96], But the exodus was not quite complete because five prisoners were still in Liberty Jail and six in Richmonds jail, including King Follett, who had just been arrested that month while trying to leave Missouri. First in Ohio and then three times in Missouri, they had practiced starting over. "When Emma died, she was surrounded by her family and friends. By 1838 Quincy had a strong population base of sixteen hundred residents, mostly Germans and New Englanders, and several industries and businesses, including its share of coopers and cabinet-makers, saddlers and leather-makers, and a pork packing and meat processing center. Quincy was on its way to prosperity. Early Life and Marriage of Emma Smith. Some sneaked southward to the Missouri River and took boat passage to St. Within three weeks, the press got wind of the authors ecclesiastical silencing and began to report about itthereby tripling sales of the book. I have witnesses of this scene all around, who can testify that I am now telling the truth. She said, The teams were puffing and the wagons dragging so heavily that we were all on foot, tugging along as best we could.[63], During Zera Pulsiphers exodus that March, he and his son-in-law lost horses. Emma Smith The essentialeven phenomenalrole Emma played in bringing forth the Book of Mormon has been re-examined on many fronts. By age 40, Emma had lost her husband, her mother and father, her father-in-law, three brothers-in-law and five children. The second day we had to cross a long prairie, and were not able to reach the settlement. "Some people might say that something about her changed, and that is why she did not come to Salt Lake Valley," Delewski said. [46], During February the migration became more intense. [25] William F. Cahoon Petition in Johnson, Mormon Redress Petitions, 15253. In a remarkable twist of irony, her version of history is increasingly the LDS Churchs as well. On four she had to move because of disruption caused by neighbors. Her husband was arrested, essentially for being Mormon, leaving her alone to care for her children. They had a reasonably good relationship despite these challenges. (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1976 reprint), 3:210. The Saints of the Colesville Branch settle in Thompson. We invite you to give back. Brigham Young and his family, with several others, Kimball said. Joseph Smith Foundation director, author, film producer, speaker. In that revelation she was designed the "Elect Lady" which Joseph later explained means one elected "to preside.". . Later witnesses would be permitted to view the plates, but God asked Emma to accept them on faith, a testimony that God recognized her as a woman of great faith. The response, signed by Elias Higbee and John P. Greene, stated that if we should say what our present wants are, it would be beyond all calculation; as we have been robbed of our corn, wheat, horses, cattle, cows, hogs, wearing apparel, houses and homes. Twenty widows were entirely destitute.

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